民主黨參議員伊麗莎白·沃倫（Elizabeth Warren）於 3 月 26 日致信商務部，要求提供比特幣挖礦硬體製造商比特大陸（Bitmain）相關的文件記錄。川普家族旗下 American Bitcoin 曾向比特大陸採購 16,000 台礦機的交易，沃倫質疑是否影響了國家安全決策。
「紅色日落行動」：比特大陸國家安全調查的完整背景
沃倫的信件發出背景，是美國政府對比特大陸持續進行的多項安全審查。2025 年 11 月，彭博社首次披露由美國國土安全部主導的「紅色日落行動」（Operation Red Sunset），調查人員正在審查比特大陸的 ASIC 晶片是否可能被遠端操控，用於間諜活動或破壞美國電網。這項調查在拜登政府時期啟動，並持續至川普政府執政初期。
調查核心指控與各方立場
美國國土安全部調查：審查比特大陸 ASIC 晶片是否具備可遠端操控的技術漏洞
2024 年聯邦審查：確認比特大陸設備在美國軍事基地附近存在「國家安全隱患」
參議院情報委員會報告：指出設備存在「若干令人不安的漏洞」，可能受中國方面操控
比特大陸的立場：全面否認指控，聲稱「嚴格遵守美國及適用法律法規，從未從事對美國國家安全構成風險的活動」
川普家族採購交易：沃倫質疑的利益衝突核心
根據彭博社引用的美國證券交易委員會（SEC）文件，由埃里克·川普（Eric Trump）和唐納德·川普二世（Donald Trump Jr.）與老牌礦商 Hut 8 合資成立的 American Bitcoin，於 2025 年 8 月斥資 3.14 億美元購買 16,000 台比特大陸礦機。
此後，American Bitcoin 持續擴大算力規模：本月初宣布新增 11,298 台 ASIC 礦機，使總持有量達到約 89,242 台，算力提升至約 28.1 EH/s。公司的比特幣儲備已增至約 6,900 枚，以當前市價計算約值 4.62 億美元。
沃倫在信中要求商務部說明採取了哪些措施，以「保護商務部的國家安全決策免受與川普家族有商業聯繫的公司的影響」，並表示「政治關係密切的加密貨幣利益集團不得獲得特殊待遇，從而損害國家安全」。
這是沃倫針對川普政府加密貨幣政策利益衝突系列調查的組成部分，她此前曾致函加密貨幣事務負責人戴維·薩克斯（David Sacks），要求在白宮加密峰會前披露財務信息，並就《GENIUS 穩定幣法案》的潛在漏洞向財政部施壓。目前民主黨在參議院佔少數席位，無法強制商務部作出回應；商務部截至發稿時尚未回覆置評請求。
常見問題
比特大陸為何被視為美國國家安全風險？
美國政府多份報告指出，比特大陸的 ASIC 晶片技術上可能存在可被遠端操控的漏洞，且部分設備已部署在美國軍事基地附近。安全機構擔憂這些設備可能被中國政府利用於情報收集或破壞關鍵基礎設施，包括電網系統。
川普家族旗下 American Bitcoin 與比特大陸的採購規模有多大？
American Bitcoin 於 2025 年 8 月斥資 3.14 億美元購買 16,000 台比特大陸礦機，此後持續擴大採購，目前持有約 89,242 台算力伺服器，算力達 28.1 EH/s，比特幣儲備約 6,900 枚，市值約 4.62 億美元。
沃倫的信件能否迫使商務部回應？
目前民主黨在參議院佔少數席位，不具備強制行政機構作出回應的立法能力。此次信件屬於正式信息索取請求，主要目的是公開施壓並建立問責記錄，不具有強制約束力。
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