Miden's off-chain computation architecture reduces developer costs. The core idea is to move complex calculations off the chain to be executed directly on the end device—running directly on user devices—while the network only needs to verify the validity of the STARK zero-knowledge proof, without running the entire computation process. This design offers several benefits: significantly lower computation costs, optimized transaction latency, and improved verification efficiency. For projects looking to iterate quickly, this off-chain computation + on-chain verification model indeed changes the cost structure.