Vitalik published an article discussing a new type of Node model to promote individual users running local Nodes.

BlockBeats news, on May 19, Vitalik posted on the ethresear forum about how to lower the difficulty of running local nodes (especially those run by individual users) while expanding the Ethereum mainchain (Layer 1, L1) to maintain Decentralization and user privacy. The article proposes a multi-layered strategy aimed at reducing the resource requirements for running Ethereum local nodes through short-term (EIP-4444, distributed storage, gas pricing adjustments), mid-term (stateless verification), and long-term (partially stateless nodes) measures. This not only aids L1 expansion but also maintains Ethereum's Decentralization and user privacy, avoiding over-reliance on centralized RPC providers or costly encryption solutions. The article also introduces a new type of node model: Partially Stateless Nodes. These nodes validate blocks through stateless verification and verify the entire chain (via stateless verification or ZK-EVM), but only store a portion of the state that users care about. The nodes can respond to RPC requests involving this portion of the state, while other requests may fail (or users can choose whether to fall back to external encryption solutions).